Impact of dietary leaf extracts of Black pepper Piper nigrum L. on the growth, hematological and immunological parameters of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) cultured in glass aquaria

Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Piper nigrum (black pepper) leaf extract on growth performance, proximate composition, hematological parameters, and immune response Labeo rohita fingerlings with an average weight 22.14 ± 0.98g. Aftrer acclimation for two weeks, fish (n=25) were randomly selected placed in four glass aquaria (T0, T1, T2 T3) at constant water temperature (30.0 1.0 °C), pH (7.50 0.5) total hardness (200 2.0 mgL,-1) a period 12 three replicates each. Fish fed P. supplemented feed @ 0.0%, 1.0%, 2.0% 3.0% T0, T1,T2 T3, respectively. At end experiment, five from each gut skin microbial load, parameters. Total proteins, albumins, globulins also recorded immunological memory. The result revealed that showed better performance gain 56.11 0.51 g. Thus, it had been concluded nigrum, medicinal plant, can be used enhance as attractive alternatives against antibiotics vaccines has shown no negative side effects health well its environment.